The world has just been free from the Covid-19 outbreak. However, the impact of the outbreak still lingers. Now, the world is trying to recover. Some global commitments, such as the goal to achieve zero carbon emissions, must continue despite recent challenges. Efforts to reach zero carbon emissions by 2060 should remain a priority for all nations. These commitments require ongoing dedication and collaboration from governments and organizations worldwide. Achieving zero carbon emissions is crucial for combating climate change and ensuring a sustainable future.
Likewise with Indonesia. President Joko Widodo reiterated this country’s commitment when speaking at the World Leaders’ Summit on Climate Change (COP28) in Dubai, late last year. At that time, President Jokowi emphasized Indonesia’s commitment to building a prosperous and sustainable country with an inclusive economy. To achieve this, President Jokowi stated that he would continue to work hard to achieve zero carbon emissions before 2060.
President Jokowi invited bilateral partners, private investors, philanthropy, and friendly nations to collaborate in funding efforts. The collaboration aims to support Indonesia’s commitment to achieving zero carbon emissions by 2060. President Jokowi emphasized the importance of joint efforts in securing necessary funding for this ambitious environmental goal. By working together, these parties can help Indonesia meet its sustainability targets and reduce carbon emissions. One of the tools to achieve zero carbon emissions by 2060, the government is increasing the energy mix.
In the press conference ‘2023 ESDM Sector Performance Achievements and 2024 Work Program’ in Jakarta, Tuesday (16/1/2024), Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) Arifin Tasrif reported, the realization of the primary energy mix originating from new and renewable energy ( EBT), reaching 13.1 percent or 238.1 million barrels of oil equivalent (MBOE) in 2023. Arifin admitted that the achievement of the 2023 EBT mix has increased, although not yet significantly. In this context, Arifin explained that they need strategic efforts to achieve the target of 23 percent EBT mix by 2025.
“In 2025 we are targeting a 23 percent mix, but currently we are still at the level of 13.1 percent so we need hard efforts to get close to the target achieved in 2025,” said Arifin.
Arifin confirmed that the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources had also prepared several strategic steps to achieve this target. The General Plan for Electricity Supply (RUPTL) outlines the plan for developing EBT as a key component. This plan targets the installation of 10.6 GW of EBT capacity by 2025.
The implementation of the Rooftop Solar Power Plant (PLTS) program targets reaching 3.6 GW by 2025. As well as, the conversion of diesel plants to EBT according to the target in the RUPTL. “So later this Rooftop PLTS will also have to be adjusted to the ability of the community and PLN to be able to accommodate it. Also the conversion of diesel generators to EBT,” said Arifin.
The National Energy Council (DEN) supports the Ministry of Energy by assisting in energy regulations and policies for the transition. DEN is updating Government Regulation Number 79 of 2014 regarding National Energy Policy (KEN) to address environmental changes. The updated regulation aligns with climate change commitments and supports the energy transition towards net zero emissions (NZE) by 2060.
“Currently (the KEN update) is in the process of harmonization between ministries, consultation with the DPR RI, and then the RPP KEN will be determined. “The target is that by June 2024, the RPP KEN will be completed,” explained DEN Secretary General Djoko Siswanto, on Wednesday (17/1/2024).
This KEN RPP increases the NRE mix to reach around 70 percent by 2060. Nuclear, which was originally the last option, becomes equivalent to other EBT. The KEN RPP also includes several new energies such as hydrogen and ammonia.
For information, the KEN RPP adjusts economic growth assumptions for post-Covid with a growth rate of 4-5 percent. To escape the middle-income trap, Indonesia needs an economic growth rate of 6-7% until 2060. This assumption is reflected in the KEN RPP. The Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas emphasizes the importance of this target for achieving developed country status.
Furthermore, Djoko said, DEN also provided assistance and socialization in the preparation of the General Regional Energy Plan (RUED). “We have finished all provinces. Because in Papua there is regional expansion, there are four new provincial regions, namely Central Papua, Southwest Papua, South Papua, and Mountain Papua. So, they repeated the draft Regional Regulation for Papua RUED, changing it from one province to five. “We only have to finish the provinces in 2023 and we will finish them in 2023,” explained Djoko.
In this regard, DEN has also succeeded in completing Presidential Regulation number 73 of 2023 concerning Procedures for Preparing the General National Energy Plan (RUEN) and RUED. This regulation is an improvement on Presidential Regulation Number 1 of 2014 concerning Guidelines for Preparing RUEN. “In the past, RUED had to go to the regional city government level. “In Presidential Decree 73/2023, it is enough to reach the provincial level,” explained the Secretary General of DEN.
DEN also succeeded in completing the organizational draft of the Nuclear Energy Program Implementing Organization (NEPIO). NEPIO is a cross-sectoral team responsible for preparing and implementing nuclear power plant construction, reporting to the president. Djoko added that the formation of NEPIO awaits direction from the president and will be discussed at the DEN Plenary Session.
In his presentation, Djoko revealed that DEN had prepared an Energy Transition Roadmap towards NZE 2060 as the basis for KEN’s direction. We will evaluate the achievement of targets in this road map every five years.
They are working on another regulation, the R-Perpres concerning Energy Buffer Reserves (CPE). CPE is the amount of available and stored energy needed nationally to meet energy demands during crises and emergencies (KRISDAREN).
Types of CPE include petroleum, fuel (gasoline), and LPG. “Now we are just waiting for an official letter from the State Secretariat regarding input for discussions with the Ministry of BUMN and the Ministry of State Secretariat,” said Djoko.
On this occasion, Djoko added that DEN had completed an assessment of Indonesia’s energy security. Energy security in 2022, he added, will reach a score of 6.64 or be in the sustainable category.
“If EBT meets the target, all infrastructure has been built, prices are no longer subsidized, and we no longer import, then the score can be increased even higher,” he explained.
Energy security itself is a condition of ensuring the availability of energy and public access to energy at affordable prices in the long term while still paying attention to environmental protection.
Source : https://www.indonesia.go.id/detik/editorial/7939/komitmen-indonesia-mengurangi-emisi-carbon?lang=1
Read other Articles: Indonesia’s Target for Net Zero Emission (NZE) 2060